Ambiguous Texts Clarified
Let us begin with four of Paul's writings - usually cited by adherents to the 'no law' doctrine: Romans 14:14 and 20; 1 Corinthians 10:25 and 27; Galatians 2:11 and 12; and 1 Timothy 4:4 and 5.
1) As one who is in the Master Yahshua, I am fully convinced that no food is unclean of Itself. But if anyone rewards something as unclean, then for him it is unclean... Do not destroy the work of Elohim for the sake of food. All food is clean, but it is wrong for a man to eat anything that causes someone else to stumble, Romans 14:14, 20.
At first glance, it seems that Paul had abandoned the dietary law, under which he grew up with and observed zealously. However, not a single passage in the entire NT Scriptures will show that Paul changed his diet, nor ate the flesh of swine or any of the unclean creatures. Remember, Paul was the son of a Pharisee (Acts 22:3), was raised up a Pharisee (Acts 23:6), a Hebrew of Hebrews (Php. 3:5), and thoroughly trained in the Jewish way of life under the tutelage of a prominent member of the Sanhedrin, i.e., Gamaliel.
In, fact, when he was on trial before the Roman Governor Felix, in his defense, Paul reiterated his adherence to the Jewish custom and way of life.
But this I confess unto thee, that after the way which they call heresy, so worship I the Elohim of my fathers, believing all things which are written in the law and in the prophets, Acts 24:14..
To correctly understand Paul's words in his epistle, bear in mind that it was addressed to the Roman and Jewish converts, and not to the gentile population of Rome. Paul was not telling the Roman converts to ignore the dietary law and fall back into their old pagan custom of eating unclean animals like swine. So, what does he really mean by 'no food is unclean' or 'all food is clean'?
Unknown to most Bible readers, in Jewish usage, food refers only to scripturally approved (kosher) meal from grains, cereals, nuts, fruits, vegetables and clean animals. Aside from these, there's also honey and the clean insects. And no Jew in his right mind will ever think of pork or the flesh of any unclean creature as food. To a Jew, these things are "rubbish" and abominable. So, what was Paul talking about in his letter to the Roman brethren?
Apparently, there's disagreement within the Roman Assembly about food. Some are vegetarians, while others do not subscribe to the vegan diet, Romans 14:2. That's the problem and there was a rift between the two camps. So Paul was obliged to admonish and advised them not to judge one another, and avoid causing a brother or sister to stumble. The issue in question has nothing to do with the law of the clean and unclean meats.
2) Eat anything sold in the meat market without raising questions of conscience... If some unbeliever invites you to a meal and you want to go, eat whatever is put before you without raising questions of conscience, 1 Corinthians 10:25, 27 NIV.
Most Christians take these passages to mean that Paul tells the brethren in Corinth to dispense with the dietary law. Is that what Paul really meant? The key to rightly understand Paul here lies in the words 'questions of conscience' in both texts. In the gentile culture then prevailing in that pagan society, it was customary for a family to take an animal, e.g., cattle, and offer it in sacrifice to their deity (idol), and as the carcass is too large for the family to consume, most of the meat is taken to the market for sale. The problem is that the brethren don't know whether or not the meat has been offered in sacrifice to an idol, especially for those whose conscience won't allow them to eat what they think is defiled meat.
In chapter 8 Paul reminds them that idols are nothing, so food sacrificed to an idol is okay to eat, except for those whose conscience is weak. What about verse 27? Here in the Philippines, at times an unconverted relative or former coworker invites us to special occasions like a Wedding Anniversary or Thanksgiving Party when their son or daughter passes the Board Exam. Sometimes we accept the invitation and go, because our host knows what we eat and what we don't, and they prepare for us a 'separate' meal like roasted native chicken, vegetables, or fruit salad. So, sometimes we eat together with unbelievers. As Paul said, "If you want to go.' The Apostle tells the Corinthian brethren to use their own discretion. It's as simple as that.
3) But when Cephas (Peter) came to Antioch, I opposed him face to face, because he was blamable. For before certain persons came from James, he ate together with the Gentiles; but when they came he withdrew and separated himself, being afraid of those belonging to the circumcision, Galatians 2:11-12 The Emphatic Diaglott.
Most Bible readers rashly take for granted that Peter had eaten unclean meals with unconverted Gentiles. Considering that Peter is one of the "pillars" of the faith, that is preposterous. The fact that his name Simon was changed to Cephas (Aram. Kepha, i.e., the Rock) signifies his stedfastness. Eating together with the Gentiles doesn't necessarily mean eating unclean meats. I know this from personal experience. At the time Elder Don Mansager baptized me, I was a member of a promotional Team of Life Insurance Agents conducting lectures on the what's and why's of life insurance nationwide. Some of my Teammates are Catholics, while others are Protestants. Of course we ate together at the same table, but years before that I was already STRICTLY observing the law of clean and unclean meats. Yes, we ate together, but that doesn't mean we ate the same meal.
What is Peter's fault that Paul rebuked him for? It stemmed from an old law that forbids Jews from associating with the Gentiles (John 4:9), pointing back to the separation of the Court of the Gentiles from the Court of the Jews at the Temple premises. The separation was so strict that for a Gentile to pass through the partition was certain death. But Peter learned from his vision of the sheet (Acts 10:11- 13) containing the unclean beasts that this old (ceremonial) law has been lifted by the Messiah Himself, verses 15 and 28. Peter's fault is his dissembling act (hypocrisy) which even led Barnabas to do likewise. It is not about eating unclean meal swith Gentiles.
4) For every creature of Elohim is good, and nothing to be refused, if it be received with thanksgiving. For it is sanctified by the word of Elohim and prayer, 1 Timothy 4:4- 5.
Here the words 'If it be received with thanksgiving' and 'sanctified by the word of Elohim,' is the key to the right meaning of the texts. In practice, it is unthinkable for a Jew or True Believer to sit down before a meal of unclean meats and thank Yahweh for It. It is obvious, then, that Paul refers only to 'kosher' foods. Moreover, consider the word SANCTIFIED. In religious parlance it means set apart, consecrated, made sacred, inviolable (Webster's New World Diet.). How? By the word of Yahweh, i.e., Lev. 11 and Deut. 14.
A year after I moved to Palawan (an island Province) a Catholic neighbor accosted me and said, "Kabayan (i .e. , townmate), the Bible says 'Everything that lives and moves will be food for you,'" Genesis 9:3.
I presume he got the text from his parish Priest in the nearby Catholic Church.
"Do you really believe that?" I laughingly replied, "If someone will serve you a dinner of roasted globefish and salad of 'tubli', will you take it?" People here say the fish is delicious, but it has a deadly toxin. A cousin of mine died after eating roasted globefish. Tubli is a tropical vine whose milky sap is used by natives to stun and disorientate fish in shallow creeks and river banks.
Startled and visibly confused, the man said he was just joking and apologized. Now, let us take a closer look and analyze Genesis 9:3,
Everything that lives and moves will be food for you. Just as I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything.
Bible Commentaries and other Study References agree that man's original diet consisted of grains, cereals, nuts, fruits, vegetables and excluded flesh. But the Great Flood during the time of Noah destroyed vegetation. Even if Noah and his sons will immediately plant vegetables right after the flood water subsided to supplement what remains of food, stored in the Ark, it will take some time for the plants to grow to be consumed.
Evidently, Yahweh prepared for this by instructing Noah to take into the Ark seven pairs of the clean animals whose meat would henceforth supplement man's diet. Here we see that long before the Mosaic Law the distinction between the clean and unclean creatures was in place and known by Noah and his sons.
Genesis 9:3 is idiomatic language and should be understood by its context. It should not be taken wholly, because literally that is impossible. Common sense makes us aware that we cannot eat everything that lives and moves. Maybe only the mentally deranged will try to do that. Again, the food mentioned here refers to clean food.